In this animated and interactive object, learners use a memory device to identify NPN and PNP transistors. Learners also examine how much the transistors turn on when the voltage applied to the base is varied.

In this animated object, learners see how a time proportioning operational amplifier varies an average DC voltage. A brief quiz completes the activity.

In this animated activity, learners view the seven steps that are used to calculate voltage and current values throughout a common-emitter transistor amplifier.

Students complete 10 practice problems. These deal with the determination of series current, zener current, and load current, and if the zener diode is operating in the breakdown region.

Learners view the operation of an NPN transistor in the active region.

Students read an introduction to the transconductance amplifier. They also view formulas for voltage-to-current conversion, closed-loop input, and output impedance. An example of how R1 controls the conversion factor is given.

Students read about the four steps to creating an ac model and view examples.

In this animated and interactive object, learners examine the voltages that develop across two series zener diodes, which are connected in opposite directions, when DC and AC voltages are applied across them. A brief quiz completes the activity.

In this animated object, learners examine the circuit configuration and operation of a differentiator operational amplifier. A brief quiz completes the activity.

Learners analyze an emitter-biased npn transistor circuit. A "help" screen is available.

The current-to-voltage conversion of the transresistance amplifier is examined. The formulas for output voltage and impedance are defined and an example ties the concepts together.

Learners view waveforms at various locations of an SCR circuit controlling the intensity a light bulb. The waveforms are shown when the light is dim, at medium brightness, and at full brightness. A brief quiz completes the activity.

In this interactive and animated object, learners examine the duty cycle of a squarewave produced by a multivibrator using a 555 IC (integrated circuit). A brief quiz completes the activity.

In this interactive object, learners examine the PN sections of a diode and the diode's forward- and reverse-biased operations. A brief quiz completes the activity.

In this animated object, learners examine the operation of an optocoupler, specifically how it is connected to external components to provide interfacing and isolation and how it responds to excessive frequencies. A quiz completes the activity.

Students read about the characteristics of the ideal operational amplifier and compare them with the industry standard LM741C.

Learners analyze a base-biased npn transistor circuit. A "help" screen is available.

Students view a dc analysis of an emitter-biased NPN transistor.

In this animated object, learners examine the fundamental operation of a noninverting operational amplifier. A brief quiz completes the activity.

Learners examine a 555 integrated circuit, which functions as a one-shot monostable multivibrator, and then test their knowledge. Immediate feedback is provided. Animations are used to show the sequential operations.

Students view drawings of the emitter resistor bypass capacitor.

In this animated and interactive object, learners examine how changes in applied voltage affect the current and voltages in a zener diode voltage regulation circuit. A short assessment completes the activity.

The learner views the operation of a transistor switching from saturation to cutoff. A brief quiz completes the activity.

In this interactive object, learners examine the operation of an inverting operational amplifier through formulas, tables, and animated illustrations. A brief quiz completes the activity.

In this animated object, students view diagrams of the UJT as it is used in the relaxation oscillator circuit. Waveforms illustrate how the circuit operates through several time periods.