Topics of this game:
- G2 and M checkpoints are regulated ___.
- The G1 checkpoint is regulated ___.
- Examples of ___ can be death of nearby cells or the release of growth-promoting hormones.
- ___ are points in the Eukaryotic cell cycle that can stop the progression of the cell cycle until conditions are favorable.
- At the ___ checkpoint, the cell irreversibly commits to cellular division.
- If a cell is unable to fix errors present, it can be sent to ___ until conditions improve.
- The most important role of the ___ checkpoint is to make sure that chromosomes have been replicated correctly and free of damage.
- The ___ checkpoint ensures that microtubules are properly attached to sister chromatids.
- For the cell cycle to proceed past the M checkpoint, ___ must be attached to at least two spindle fibers.
- ___ regulation will halt the cell cycle.
- Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are examples of ___ regulators.
- Levels of cyclin proteins ___ throughout the cell cycle in a predictable pattern.
- Increases of cyclin proteins are triggered by ___ signals.
- ___ activates a protein by changing its shape.
- The end goal of ___ is to activate a target protein that will continue in the cell cycle.
- Cyclin dependent kinases are a type of enzyme known as a kinase which ___ other proteins.
- ___ prevent(s) the activation of Cdks with a block that can’t be removed until the event that provoked this is resolved.
- Retinoblastoma protein (Rb), p53, and p21 are all examples of ___ regulators.
- ___ will stop the cell cycle to repair DNA and reinitiate the cell cycle.
- If repairs cannot be made under p53, ___ will occur. Faulty p53 is found in most tumor cells.
- When ___ is not phosphorylated, it will bind to transcription factor E2F and prevent the production of proteins encoded by the gene of interest.
- As p53 levels increase, the production of ___ will be triggered which will enforce the stop in the cell cycle by inhibiting Cdk/cyclin activity.
- For a cell to pass all check point, all positive regulators must be ___, and all negative regulators must be ___.
- ___ begins when a gene mutation leads to a mutated protein which has an essential role in cell reproduction.
- (A) ___ occurs when the mutated cell outpaces the growth of normal cells.
- ___ are genes that code for positive regulation of the cell cycle.
- ___ are segments of DNA that code for negative regulator proteins that can prevent uncontrolled cell division when activated.
- ___ are/is an example of proto-oncogenes while, ___ are/is an example of tumor suppressor genes.
- In cancer, oncogenes must be ___ and tumor suppressor genes must be ___.
